Most of these criticisms are valid but unpersuasive. No one has come up with a better system for causing there to be a chicken in as many pots as has capitalism. People have said they have come up with better systems, but whenever something newer than capitalism has been tried, it has failed. At some point the penny must drop: Capitalism is to be tamed, not put down.
The one criticism that is not valid is central to all left-wing nonsense: the idea that work makes wealth. It doesn’t. Organized work makes wealth. Work is an input. It is worth what users of it will pay for it. Outputs are the product of organized inputs. Wealth is created by organizing inputs and by allocating resources to organizers of resources.
The skills needed to organize work are rare enough to demand extraordinary compensation. But management is just another input, labor like any other, paid for what it can cause to happen. A CEO can cause 1,000,000 cars to be made; an autoworker can cause some fenders of some cars to be attached. They are paid accordingly.
That’s not to say that an every-man-for-himself labor market is the best determiner of wages for an economy. Trade and industrial unions play an important part in creating demand for the things that companies make. Why more businesses don’t support higher minimum wages, a UBI, or other demand-creating technologies is a fascinating study in complacency.
The essence of capitalism is not who “owns” the means of production. The essence of capitalism is the decoupling of risk from entrepreneurial skill in a way that allows risk-takers to allocate capital to managers who organize inputs (including labor). Under capitalist theory, anyone who has the competitive skill to be an allocator or a manager can become one.
Yes, like any economic system, capitalism is subject to sub-optimizing political interference. But that interference has not kept capital from being allocated, management empowered, and outputs created. Fairness is a desideratum, but as a political value, it must be evaluated within the bounds of the possible. What other system can point to that level of success?